Non-equity Modes of Internationalization

2025/2026

Content, progress and pedagogy of the module

The choice of foreign operation mode is a critical question for internationalising companies. In this module, the student will be introduced to knowledge and theories related to how organisations can internationalise using different non-equity foreign operation modes, such as exporting and contractual agreements such as licencing and franchising.

During the module, the student is introduced to the details and characteristics of different non-equity modes of internationalisation, including how they might be used, how they can contribute to foreign market expansion, and their drawbacks. The purpose is to enable the student to analyse the usefulness and effectiveness of different non-equity foreign operation modes in developing a firm’s involvement in a foreign market and provide recommendations for the choice of foreign operation mode.

Learning objectives

Knowledge

The objective is that the student after the module possesses the necessary knowledge on:

  • various non-equity modes of entering foreign markets and the strategic implications of the different modes.
  • how organisations can use different non-equity foreign operation modes to exploit international opportunities.
  • theories and methods used to inform the choice of foreign operation methods and evaluate the effectiveness of non-equity modes.

Skills

The objective is that the student after the module possesses the necessary skills in:

  • critically and analytically reflecting on the choice of foreign operation modes.
  • arguing theoretically and practically about the advantages and disadvantages of different non-equity modes of internationalisation.
  • selecting relevant theories and methods for examining the effectiveness of different non-equity foreign operation modes when expanding into foreign markets.

Competences

The objective is that the student after the module possesses the necessary competences in:

  • applying knowledge about theories and methods related to non-equity foreign operation modes to make decisions about foreign operation methods.
  • independently design and conduct analyses of key problems within foreign operation mode choice.
  • applying relevant theories and skills related to foreign operation modes to evaluate the effectiveness of different non-equity modes and provide recommendations for the choice of non-equity entry modes.

Type of instruction

For information see § 17.

Exam

Exams

Name of examNon-equity Modes of Internationalization
Type of exam
Oral exam
Individual examination.
ECTS5
Assessment7-point grading scale
Type of gradingInternal examination
Criteria of assessmentThe criteria of assessment are stated in the Examination Policies and Procedures

Facts about the module

Danish titleNon-equity Modes of Internationalization
Module codeKAINB202217
Module typeCourse
Duration1 semester
SemesterSpring
ECTS5
Language of instructionEnglish
Location of the lectureCampus Aalborg
Responsible for the module

Organisation

Study BoardStudy Board of Economics and Business Administration
DepartmentAalborg University Business School
FacultyFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities